Page 9 - Shelter-April 2024

THEME PAPER

various components
such as HVAC, lighting,
Typical commercial Energy-efficient Energy-efficient Grid-interactive security, and more to
building building building with building with energy
solor PV efficiency, solar PV
and load flexibility monitor, control, and
optimise energy usage
based on real-time
data and predefined
algorithms.
b. Smart Sensors and IoT
Solar/
storage Devices: Deploying
Energy information system
sensors throughout the
Lighting
controls building allows for real-
time data collection on
Window Smart
shading meter occupancy, temperature,
humidity, and other
Efficient
windows Smart Utility environmental factors.
and walls thermostats power
IoT devices enable
EV Plug-load communication between
charging controls
these sensors and the
BMS.
Figure 6: Technologies and demand management relationship (Source: RMI, 2022) c. Energy Management
Systems (EMS):
interactive behaviour, technologies to enhance
enabling smoother energy efficiency, EMS helps optimise
consumption
energy
VRE integration, sustainability, and
reducing curtailment, overall performance. by analysing data
from various sources,
and maximising the These technologies enable forecasting demand, and
utilisation of clean buildings to interact with the implementing strategies
energy resources. electrical grid intelligently, to reduce peak loads or
optimising energy usage and
• GIBE can aid to develop supporting demand-response shift energy use to off-
user behavioural change initiatives. Here are some peak periods.
through introducing d. Renewable Energy
incentives and penalties key technologies used in grid Integration: Grid
interactive buildings:
for the consumers interactive buildings
based on their energy The essential and enhanced often incorporate
performance and technologies associated with renewable energy
inherently involve successful implementation of sources such as solar
users to participate in GIBE are as follows: panels, wind turbines,
implementation of GIBE. a. Building Management or geothermal systems.

Technological Systems (BMS): BMS These sources contribute
power
Interventions Supporting or Building Automation to on-site reducing
(BAS)
Systems
are
generation,
Adoption of GIBE central to grid interactive reliance on the traditional
GIBE leverages various buildings. They integrate grid.
April, 2024, Volume 25. No.1 - SHELTER 7